Class Matters

The Fight to Get Beyond Race Preferences, Reduce Inequality, and Build Real Diversity at America's Colleges

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By Richard D. Kahlenberg

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How a new class-based approach to college admissions can produce economic and racial diversity alike– and greater fairness.

For decades America’s colleges and universities have been working to increase racial diversity. But they have been using the wrong approach, as Richard Kahlenberg persuasively shows in his highly personal and deeply researched book. Kahlenberg makes the definitive case that class disadvantage, rather than race, should be the determining factor for how a broader array of people “get in.”  
 
While elite universities claim to be on the side of social justice, the dirty secret of higher education is that the perennial focus on racial diversity has provided cover for an admissions system that mostly benefits the wealthy and shuts out talented working-class students. By fixing the class bias in college admissions we can begin to rectify America’s skyrocketing economic inequality and class antagonism,  giving more people a better place at the table as they move through life and more opportunity to “swim in the river of power.”

Kahlenberg has long worked with prominent civil rights leaders on housing and school integration. But his recognition of class inequality in American higher education led to his making a controversial decision to go over to the “other side” and provide research and testimony in cases that helped lead to the controversial Supreme Court decision of 2023 that ended racial preferences. That conservative ruling could, Kahlenberg shows, paradoxically have a progressive policy outcome by cutting a new path for economic and racial diversity alike – and greater fairness.
 

  • “Asians aren’t ‘diverse’ enough, poor whites’ ‘underrepresentation’ is irrelevant, admitting black corporate executives’ children is ‘levelling the playing field.’ In university admissions, the buzzwords are as frayed as their rationales. Class Matters shows where we have gone wrong so far, and how we will get to justice, equality, and even diversity for real.”
    John McWhorter, professor of linguistics, Columbia University, and weekly New York Times writer
  • “How the promise of the civil rights revolution was betrayed for half a century by a system of cosmetic racial preferences that mask growing economic inequality is a tragic and fascinating story. No one is better qualified to tell it than Richard Kahlenberg, who has devoted his career as a thinker and activist to the dream of a color-blind, egalitarian America.”
    Michael Lind, author of The New Class War
  • “Exceptionally strategic in a Supreme Court case that ended racial affirmative action in college and university admissions, Kahlenberg joined a pantheon of legends—Robert Kennedy, Martin Luther King Jr., and Bayard Rustin—and found common ground with conservatives to create social and economic class admissions.”
    John C. Brittain, UDC School of Law, and former chief counsel, Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights
  • “For several decades, Kahlenberg has been one of America’s most widely respected, original, and consequential thinkers on education, housing, workers’ rights, and affirmative action. Class Matters is his semi-autobiographical magnum opus. This engagingly written book is the definitive insider’s account of how elite colleges’ race-based affirmative action policies camouflaged extreme rates of rich-kid admissions, clashed with public opinion, and crashed in the Supreme Court. Even better, Kahlenberg offers an authoritative, evidence-based roadmap for turning top universities into genuinely diverse communities in which low-income and working-class students of every demographic description are truly well-represented and respected. This magnificent book is not only a must-read; it’s the text of the debate on the past, present, and future of affirmative action in America.”
    John J. DiIulio Jr., Frederic Fox Leadership Professor, University of Pennsylvania
  • “Kahlenberg has been manning the lonely ramparts of class-based affirmative action for decades. The world has finally caught up with him now that race-based affirmative action has been struck down by the Supreme Court. In his indispensable new book, Kahlenberg lucidly surveys the history of the race-based approach and explains how class-based affirmative action can and must take its place. Liberals and conservatives alike should read this book as a guide to what might come next.”
    Ruy Teixeira, coauthor of The Emerging Democratic Majority and senior fellow, American Enterprise Institute
  • “For decades, Kahlenberg has been the country’s leading proponent of ‘class not race’ in debates over college admissions. The latest iteration of his argument, Class Matters, is characteristically forthright, accessible, and informative. Anyone deeply interested in ongoing struggles over the selection of candidates for seats in the nation’s most selective colleges and universities must come to grips with Kahlenberg.”
    Randall Kennedy, Harvard Law School
  • Class Matters is a must-read for anyone who believes diversity should be more than skin deep. With the Supreme Court’s decision ending race-based admissions programs, Kahlenberg suggests that social and economic class can be barriers to equal opportunity—regardless of race. His book details ways universities can alleviate the barriers to success they cause.”
    Linda Chavez, chair, Center for Equal Opportunity
  • “Kahlenberg has eloquently argued for decades for socioeconomic preferences in college admissions to ensure equity, diversity, a more interesting education for all enrolled, and more informed and inclusive leaders for the country and beyond. Now that the Supreme Court has ruled against race-based preferences, we really must attend to Kahlenberg’s thesis, so powerfully and persuasively argued here. This is essential reading for all who care about our future society and the future of justice.”
    Anthony Marx, president, New York Public Library

On Sale
Mar 25, 2025
Page Count
384 pages
Publisher
PublicAffairs
ISBN-13
9781541704251

Richard D. Kahlenberg

About the Author

Richard D. Kahlenberg is director of the American Identity Project at the Progressive Policy Institute and teaches at George Washington University. His work has been published in the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Wall Street Journal, the New Republic, and the Atlantic. He is the author or editor of 18 other books, most recently Excluded: How Snob Zoning, NIMBYism, and Class Bias Build the Walls We Don’t See. He lives in Rockville, Maryland.


 

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